Monitoring and Quantifying Burn Wounds on Pig Skin using Thermal Measurements
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
A new thermal method for detecting burn
severity or monitoring burn wound healing is presented.
The thermal measurement method avoids the need for
introducing any substance or radiation to monitor blood
perfusion or detect the depth of burnt tissue. The method of
predicting and monitoring burns was tested experimentally
by implementing four different burn severities on two pigs
and monitoring the burns over five days. Averaged
estimated thermal resistance and blood perfusion values
were used to detect burn depth from thermal
measurements. A damage function was introduced to
illustrate those burns which cause third degree burns. The
20 and 75-second burns were quantified as third degree
burns. The laboratory measured non-perfused layers
calibrates very well with the estimated burn depth from the
perfusion-thermal resistance probe. This paper has
demonstrated the ability of perfusion-thermal resistance
probe to characterize burn severity
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Alkhwaji, A., Vick, B., and Diller, T., “New mathematical model
to estimate tissue blood perfusion, thermal contact resistance and
core temperature,” Journal of Biomechanical Engineering,
Vol.134, 2012, 081004, pp. 1-8.
Abdusalam Alkhwaji, Brian Vick, Tom Diller, “Modelling and
Estimating Simulated Burn Depth Using the Perfusion and
Thermal Resistance Probe,” Journal of Medical Device, Vol.7,
September 2013, 031003, pp. 1-9.
Diller, K.R., Modeling of Bioheat Transfer Processes at High and
Low Temperatures, Advances in Heat Transfer 22, 1992, 157-357.
Moritz, A. R., Henriques F. C., Jr., “Studies of thermal injury:
(II). The relative importance of time and surface temperature in
the causation of cutaneous burns.” American Journal of
Pathology, 1947, 23: 695-720.
Jaskille, A. D., Shupp, J., Jordan, M., and Jeng, J. C., “Critical
Review of Burn depth Assessment Techniques: Part I. Historical
Review,” 2009, Journal of Burn Care & Research, Vol. 30, pp.
-947.
Renkelska, A., Nowakowski, A., Kaczmarek, M., and Ruminski,
J., 2006, “Burn Depths Evaluation Based on Active Dynamic IR
Thermal Imaging – A Preliminary Study,” Burns, Vol. 32, pp.
-878.
Mileski, W. J. L. Atiles, G. Purdue, R. Kagan, J. R. Saffle, D. N.
Herndon, D. Heimbach, A. Luterman, R. Yurt, C. Goodwin, J. L.
Hunt, 2003, “Serial Measurements Increase the Accuracy of Laser
Doppler Assessment of Burn Wounds,” Journal of Burn Care &
Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, pp. 187-191.
Jeng, J. C., Bridgeman, A., Shivnan, L, Thornton, P., Alam, H.,
Clarke, T., Jablonski, K., and Jordan, M., 2003, “Laser Doppler
Imaging Determines Need for Excision and Grafting in Advance
of Clinical Judgment: A Prospective Blinded Trial,” Burns, Vol.
, pp. 665-670.
Stewart, C. J., R. Frank, K.R. Forrester, J. Tulip, R. Lindsay,
R.C. Bray, 2005, “A comparison of two laser-based methods for
determination of burn scar perfusion: Laser Doppler versus
laser speckle imaging.” Journal of Burns, Vol. 31, pp. 744-752.
Jaskille, A. D., Ramella-Roman, J., Shupp, J., Jordan, M., and
Jeng, J. C., “Critical Review of Burn Depth Assessment
Techniques: Part II. Review of Laser Doppler Technology,”
, Vol. 31, pp. 151-157.
Pennes, H. H., 1948, “Analysis of Tissue and Arterial Blood
Temperatures in the Resting Human Forearm,” J. Appl.
Physiol., Vol. 1, pp. 93-122.
Vajkoczy, P., H. Roth, P. Horn, T. Lucke, C. Taumé, U. Hubner,
G.T. Martin, C. Zappletal, E. Klar, L. Schilling, P. Schmiedek,
, “Continuous Monitoring of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow:
Experimental and Clinical Validation of a Novel Thermal
Diffusion Microprobe,” Journal of Neurosurgery,” Vol. 93, pp.
-274.
Khot. M. B., P. K. M. Maitz, B. R. Phillips, H. F. Bowman, J. J.
Pribaz, D. P. Orgill, 2005, “Thermal Diffusion Probe Analysis of
Perfusion Changes in Vascular Occlusions of Rabbit Pedicle
Flaps,” Plastic Reconstructive Surgery., Vol. 115, No. 4, pp.
-1109.
Maitz, Peter K. M, M. B. Khot, H. F. Mayer, G. T. Martin, J. J.
Pribaz, H. F. Bowman, D. P. Orgill, 2005, “Continuous and RealTime
Blood Perfusion Monitoring in Prefabricated Flaps,”
Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery. Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 35-41.
Ricketts, P. L., Mudaliar, A. V., Ellis, B. E., Pullins, C. A.,
Meyers, L. A., Lanz, O. I., Scott, E. P., and Diller, T. E., 2008,
“Non-Invasive Blood Perfusion Measurements Using a Combined
Temperature and Heat Flux Probe,” International Journal of Heat
and Mass Transfer, Vol. 51, pp. 5740-5748.
Mudaliar, A. V., Ellis, B. E., Ricketts, P. L., Lanz, O. I., Scott, E.
P., and Diller, T. E., 2008, “A Phantom Tissue System for the
Calibration of Perfusion Measurements,” ASME Journal of
Biomechanical Engineering, Vol. 130, No. 051002.
Mudaliar, A. V., Ellis, B. E., Ricketts, P. L., Lanz, O. I., Lee, C.
Y., Diller, T. E., and Scott, E. P., 2008, “Non-invasive Blood
Perfusion Measurements of an Isolated Rat Liver and Anesthetized
Rat Kidney,” ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Vol.
, No. 061013.
Jacquot, A., Lenoir, B., Dauscher, A., Stölzer, M., and Meusel J.,
“Numerical simulation of the 3w method for measuring the
thermal conductivity,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 91, 2002,
pp. 4733-38.
Muhammad Javed, Kayvan Shokrollahi, “VACUETTE for burn
depth assessment – A simple and novel alternative use for a
ubiquitous phlebotomy device,” Burns, 38, 2012, 1084-1085 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2012.02.021
J. M. Still, E.J. Law, K. G. Klavuhn, T.C. Island, J. Z. Holtz,
“Diagnosis of burn depth using laser-induced indocyanine green
fluorescence: a preliminary clinical trial,” Burns, 27, 2001, 364371.
Khanh Nguyen, Diane Ward, Lawrence Lam, Andrew J. A.
Holland, “Laser Doppler Imaging prediction of burn wound
outcome in children: Is it possible before 48 h?,” Burns, 36, 2010, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2009.11.016
-798